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Opposition Activities: Charles de Gaulle and his aides, the term caught on and was soon applied to opposition activities, armed and unarmed, overt and covert, in countries of Europe, Asia, and Africa that were occupied by Germany and her allies. It was also applied to the groups within Germany opposing Adolf Hitler's regime. After the war, both the underground opposition in countries ruled by Fascist or Communist dictatorships, and the anti-colonial agitation in some overseas dependencies of Western powers, were known as resistance.
In 1792 he visited George Washington, who presented him with a silver medal. He advocated support of the United States in the War of 1812, but clashed frequently with the government because of his opposition to the introduction of Christianity and white customs among his people. Opposition to his policies by the Indians, as well as his own bouts of intemperance, finally led to his removal as chief, but he later regained his chieftaincy before his death.
While the opposition between republicanism and absolutism had thus far chiefly been one of conflicting political and economic interests, a new moral element was introduced in the era of the American and French revolutions. This element came perhaps first to the fore after the Puritan Revolution in England, in the opposition of the defenders of integral republicansim against Cromwell's Protectorate, but it became a decisive historical force only in the last third of the 18th century.
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