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Center Based Child Care: This definition is problem-focused, emphasizing prevention and remedy. It recognizes the value of strengthening a child's own home where possible. Where this is not possible, a variety of substitute living situations is provided.
Child welfare services are directed to the social problem of deprivation of parental care. As the accompanying chart illustrates, they are designed to help with society's child-rearing task in three important ways: (1) to substitute for parental care either partially or wholly according to a child's individual needs; (2) to supplement the care that a child receives, or to compensate for certain inadequacies or limitations in parental care; and (3) to support or reinforce the ability of parents to meet their children's needs.
Service designed to substitute for natural parental care, either partially or completely, is still the predominant child welfare service. Of the total number of children receiving child welfare services in the United States, more than half are receiving service away from their own homes and their own families.
Substitute care programs include foster family care, institutional care, and adoption.
Underlying principles. There are four principles that are frequently emphasized as basic to parent-child relations:
1. The mother's loving care, based on understanding of the infant, helps the child to develop a basic sense of Security and trust.
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